Valorisation of biochar from poultry litter power plant to activated carbon: Production, characterisation, and application

Gamze Doğdu Yücetürk; Turgay Pekdemir; Elif Çelik; Murat Doğru

doi:10.35208/ert.1647233

Authors

Gamze Doğdu Yücetürk Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-0362
Turgay Pekdemir Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7658-5194
Elif Çelik Gebze Technical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1335-2198
Murat Doğru Gebze Technical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1540-4326

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1647233

Keywords:

Poultry litter valorisation, biochar, activated carbon, water treatment, gasification

Abstract

In support of zero-waste and circular economy principles, this study aims to develop a sustainable and value-added solution for poultry litter (PL) waste by converting it into activated carbon (AC) for environmental applications. One promising valorisation route is using biochar derived from PL to produce AC, a material with wide application and market demand. This study produced, characterised, and investigated the application of ACs from the biochar of an industrial-scale thermal gasification plant using PL as fuel. We tested some selected ACs to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from simulated wastewater. We employed physical and chemical activation with CO₂ and various ratios of H₃PO₄ and ZnCl₂ to produce ACs at 550 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C. We characterised ACs by XRD, EDX, FTIR, and BET-based techniques. ACs from H₃PO₄, ZnCl₂, and CO₂ activation exhibited a specific surface area of 279.6, 219, and 180.6 m²/g, respectively. MB adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, with a capacity of 48.6, 75.5, 119.3, and 62.2 mg/g for ACs from H₃PO₄, ZnCl₂, CO₂ activation, and biochar, respectively, according to the Langmuir model. Our findings emphasize the feasible production of ACs from poultry waste and their efficacy for plausible sustainable application as adsorbents, for example, in water treatment to remove dyes.

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Valorisation of biochar from poultry litter power plant to activated carbon: Production, characterisation, and application

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