Long-term spatiotemporal trends and impacts of extreme rainfall and temperature in Telangana, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1603599Keywords:
Extreme event , spatiotemporal analysis , temperature variability , trend analysis , rainfallAbstract
The growing unpredictability of the climate, particularly in maximum and minimum temperatures and extreme rainfall events, has drawn global attention. The variability and fluctuations of these climatic components vary significantly across regions. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze climate changes and develop workable adaptation solutions by evaluating the spatio-temporal variations of meteorological variables in the context of climate change, especially in nations like India where agriculture is prevalent. This study examines long-term trends and short-term variations in extreme rainfall and temperature across Telangana, India, from 1990 to 2020. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to analyse gridded rainfall data (0.25° resolution) from the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The results showed that annual rainfall increased significantly in the north-western districts at a rate of approximately 2.1 mm/year, while it decreased by nearly 1.5 mm/year in the south-western districts. Temperature study indicated a warming trend, with maximum temperatures increasing by around 0.03°C year, particularly in urbanised areas such as Hyderabad and Rangareddy. Rainfall Anomaly Index and Precipitation Concentration Index show increasing irregularity, while Coefficient of Variation shows increased unpredictability in central and southern regions, making them more sensitive to climate extremes. These climatic shifts have intensified flood risks in high-rainfall areas while exacerbating droughts and heat stress in drier districts, impacting agriculture, water resources, and human health. To address these issues, policy interventions should prioritise sustainable water resource management, drought-tolerant crops, improved flood control infrastructure, and urban heat adaption measures. These findings highlight the need for focused adaptation efforts in Telangana to maintain climate resilience, agricultural sustainability, and socio-economic stability.
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